Anti-Black Racism


Anti-Black racism is prejudice, attitudes, beliefs, stereotyping and discrimination that is directed at people who identify as Black, who are perceived to be Black and/or African descent and is rooted in the history of colonialism and enslavement and its legacy. Anti-Black racism is deeply entrenched in Canadian institutions, policies and practices, to the extent that anti-Black racism is either functionally normalized or rendered invisible to the larger society. Anti-Black racism is manifest in the current social, economic, and political marginalization of Black Canadians (Ontario Government, 2022).

This thought-provoking video delves into Canada's past and present to shed light on the enduring issue of anti-Black racism, using examples from historical events and more recent protests.


Global News. (2020, June 12). Living In Colour: The history of anti-Black racism in Canada [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/RoJPO1PsRnw?si=sE3rx54aZNAGFBI0

Discover how the Canadian Medical Association Journal is taking proactive steps to confront and dismantle its role in perpetuating anti-Black racism within healthcare.


CBC News. (2022, October 24). Canadian medical journal studies issue of anti-Black racism in health care [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/u-i4CKSyEz4?si=5N9mVukLD9rVQRrx

Further Reading on Anti-Black Racism and Health and Education

Resources

7 Ways Non-Black People Can Take Anti-Racist Action in Their Life - Western resource

Anti-Black Racism - Black Health Alliance

Webinar Series on Anti-Black Racism and Public Health - National Collaborating Centre for Determinants of Health (NCCDH)

Introduction to Anti-Black Racism eLearning Module – Toronto Academic Health Science Network

Dismantling Anti-Black Racism - Queen's University Faculty of Health Sciences

Anti-Black Racism Education Compendium & Recommendations - Ontario Human Rights Commission (OHRC) 

Black Physicians of Canada - Anti-Black Racism - The Issues

Black Physicians of Canada - Anti-Black Racism - The Solutions

Black Health

Black Health Alliance

Black Mental Health Canada

Black Health Equity

Black Canadian Studies Association

Canadian Black Scientists Network

Canadian Medical Association Journal (CMAJ) - Black Health

Federation of Black Canadians - Black Pulse Healthcare

Black Health Education Collaborative

Academic Articles

Black Canadians’ Exposure to Everyday Racism: Implications for Health System Access and Health Promotion among Urban Black Communities
Husbands W, Lawson DO, Etowa EB, Mbuagbaw L, Baidoobonso S, Tharao W, Yaya S, Nelson LE, Aden M, Etowa J. Black Canadians' Exposure to Everyday Racism: Implications for Health System Access and Health Promotion among Urban Black Communities. J Urban Health. 2022 Oct;99(5):829-841. doi: 10.1007/s11524-022-00676-w. Epub 2022 Sep 6. PMID: 36066788; PMCID: PMC9447939.

Black Health Education Collaborative: the important role of Critical Race Theory in disrupting anti-Black racism in medical practice and education
Delia Douglas, Sume Ndumbe-Eyoh, Kannin Osei-Tutu, Barbara-Ann Hamilton-Hinch, Gaynor Watson-Creed, Onye Nnorom, OmiSoore H. Dryden
CMAJ Oct 2022, 194 (41) E1422-E1424; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.221503

Time to dismantle systemic anti-Black racism in medicine in Canada
Dryden O, Nnorom O. Time to dismantle systemic anti-Black racism in medicine in Canada. CMAJ. 2021 Jan 11;193(2):E55-E57. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.201579. Erratum in: CMAJ. 2021 Feb 16;193(7):E253. PMID: 33431548; PMCID: PMC7773037.

Afrocentric approaches to disrupting anti-Black racism in health care and promoting Black health in Canada
Liben Gebremikael, Suzanne Sicchia, Suleyman Demi, Justin Rhoden. CMAJ. Oct 2022, 194 (42) E1448-E1450; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.220456

Anti-racism in CanMEDS 2025
Osei-Tutu K, Duchesne N, Barnabe C, Richardson L, Razack S, Thoma B, Maniate JM. Anti-racism in CanMEDS 2025. Can Med Educ J. 2023 Mar 21;14(1):33-40. doi: 10.36834/cmej.75844. PMID: 36998489; PMCID: PMC10042777.

Recommended Books

Racism & Medicine

Nuances of Blackness in the Canadian Academy: Teaching, Learning, and Researching while Black

Edited by Awad Ibrahim , Tamari Kitossa , Malinda S. Smith

The essays in Nuances of Blackness in the Canadian Academy make visible the submerged stories of Black life in academia. They offer fresh historical, social, and cultural insights into what it means to teach, learn, research, and work while Black.

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Black and Blue: The Origins and Consequences of Medical Racism

by John Hoberman

Black & Blue is the first systematic description of how American doctors think about racial differences and how this kind of thinking affects the treatment of their black patients. The standard studies of medical racism examine past medical abuses of black people and do not address the racially motivated thinking and behaviors of physicians practicing medicine today.

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Medical Apartheid: The Dark History of Medical Experimentation on Black Americans from Colonial Times to the Present

by Harriet A. Washington

From the era of slavery to the present day, starting with the earliest encounters between Black Americans and Western medical researchers and the racist pseudoscience that resulted, Medical Apartheid details the ways both slaves and freedmen were used in hospitals for experiments conducted without their knowledge—a tradition that continues today within some black populations.

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Anti-Racist Health Care Practice

by Elizabeth McGibbon (Author), Josephine Etowa (Author)

Building on an everyday clinical practice perspective, the authors provide clear and detailed definitions of concepts and terms related to racism and health. Filled with examples of racism in the health care system and strategies to examine and contest racism, this book will become an essential resource for students and practitioners in the health sciences, the sociology of health, and a variety of other disciplines which investigate racism.


Sources:

Ontario Government. (2022, April 13). Data Standards for the Identification and Monitoring of Systemic Racism - Glossary. Retrieved from https://www.ontario.ca/document/data-standards-identification-and-monitoring-systemic-racism/glossary